Archive for the ‘Some Retirement Myths’ Category

But Investments do better than Inflation?

Tuesday, September 30th, 2008

I am actually surprised that nobody came back and claimed that in real life investment return is higher than inflation.  I don’t agree with that assumption either.  When I was still working as a financial planner, one of the investment companies gave us regular feedback on the return on various portfolios over different time frames.  And the inflation rate for that time period.  You know what?  Not any one portfolio could beat inflation consistently.  It might do better than inflation for a year, or two or three, but ten years and longer?  Sorry, inflation is better.  It all makes sense, of course.

 

But the bottom line is:  the assumption that the investment out performs inflation is not correct.

 

You see, they say the INDEX of the stock market outperforms inflation, and I will agree with that.  But there is no money to be made by selling the index, so you are strongly discouraged to buy the index by references to the funds that actually did outperform the index in that year!  The real life situation is that the index does better than 75% of the portfolios.  In other words, only 4 in every 100 portfolio’s do better than the index.  Unfortunately it is NOT the same portfolio’s every year.  So, how do you know on 1 January which portfolio will do better than the index by 31 December?  You don’t.

 

And keep in mind, am talking portfolio.  The portfolio consists of YOUR money AFTER costs.  So if the portfolio grows by 10%, it is your net investment that grows by 10%, not the money leaving your pocket. 

 

That means that we should actually have increased the amount of money that we need to save to allow for costs! 

 

But enough of that, you understand that I don’t accept the assumption that investments outperform inflation.

 

But I can be wrong.  So, let’s say we stick to the generally accepted rule of saving 15% of income for retirement. 

 

I am going to do two calculations:

1.         I want the equivalent of R10 000 per month for 20 years 40 years from now.  And 40 years from now inflation = investment return.  But for the next 40 years inflation will be 6%.  What investment return do I need?  The answer is:  12%, or double the inflation rate.  The 12% is not inconceivable, but double the inflation rate?  That just does not correspond to reality.  Once again, I am not talking about spikes where you get a 20% return in 1 year.  I am talking returns over 40 years.

 

2.  I want the equivalent of R10 000 per month for 20 years after 40 years and I assume the investment return is 3% above inflation.  How much should I invest?

 

The answer looks like this:  In 40 years time I need R19 182 670.  To get that at 9% per annum (3% above inflation) I need to consistently save 22,7% of my gross income for 40 years.

 

I still don’t think that is achievable.  What do you think?

 

 

Are you a luckier retiree?

Monday, September 29th, 2008

Over the last couple of days I gave you two tools to quickly and simply calculate BALL PARK figures.  I use it all the time.  Instead of going to my HP10B Financial Calculator or pulling out MS Excel, I use the rule of 72 and the Capital Calculation.  It very gives me an idea if I should listen or not.

 

Essentially what we have seen is that we need a lot of money to retire.  And the huge projected maturity values are not so huge.

 

But underlying the traditional Financial Planning Solution are a number of assumptions.  I am going to discuss some of those assumptions.  Before I get to that, I want to refer you to an excellent book:  Po:  Beyond Yes and No, by Edward de Bono.  I would love to discuss the book in more depth, but suffice for the moment that De Bono says before we say “Yes” or “No”, let’s first say “Po”, what assumptions must hold true for this to be true.  That is what I am going to do.

 

Po:  What is the basic assumptions underlying the Traditional Financial Planning Solution?

Answer:  You have enough available cash to save enough money for retirement.

 

The basic assumption is that very month you can invest a percentage of your income so that, when you retire, you have enough capital.  In the previous posts I have shown you a way to easily do the calculations.  Unfortunately I do not have an easy way to calculate the monthly saving you need to make to get to the end result.  So I am going to give you the answer.

 

But, first, the assumptions:

Present Income

R10 000

Present Value Monthly Income Required

R10 000

Years to Retirement

40

Inflation

6%

Investment Return

6%

Life Expectancy after Retirement

20

 

This is what I need:

Capital Needed if Retiring Today

10 000 x 12 x 20 =

R2 400 000

Rule of 72

72/6 =

12

Number of “doublings”

40/12 =

3.33

Capital Required at Retirement

2 400 000 x2   =

4 800 000 x 2 =

10 600 000 x 2 =

19 200 000 x 1.33 =

R4 800 000

R10 600 000

R19 200 000

R25 536 000

The real figure is

 

R24 685 723

 

So how much do I have to save monthly to achieve that?

The assumptions are the same, except that I assume our income increase by the inflation rate every year.  As you can see in the table below, the fact that I work with a Rough and simple ballpark figure does not make a huge difference. 

 

Understanding what you see.  Every year my income INCREASE by the inflation rate (I used 6%) and I invest almost 55% of my salary and get a return of 6% per annum.  After 40 years I have the capital to sustain myself at the equivalent of R10 000 per month for 240 months.  My income will increase annually by the inflation rate.  If the assumptions hold true, I will be able to do it for exactly 240 months.  

 

 

The Rough And Simple Calculation

The “Correct” Calculation

Year

Income

Saving

Capital

Interest

% of Income

Saving

Capital

Interest

% of Income

1

120,000

65,791

65,791

3,947

54.83%

63,600

63,600

3,816

53.00%

2

127,200

69,738

139,476

8,369

54.83%

67,416

134,832

8,090

53.00%

3

134,832

73,922

221,767

13,306

54.83%

71,461

214,383

12,863

53.00%

4

142,922

78,358

313,431

18,806

54.83%

75,749

302,994

18,180

53.00%

5

151,497

83,059

415,296

24,918

54.83%

80,294

401,468

24,088

53.00%

6

160,587

88,043

528,256

31,695

54.83%

85,111

510,667

30,640

53.00%

7

170,222

93,325

653,277

39,197

54.83%

90,218

631,525

37,891

53.00%

8

180,436

98,925

791,398

47,484

54.83%

95,631

765,047

45,903

53.00%

9

191,262

104,860

943,743

56,625

54.83%

101,369

912,319

54,739

53.00%

10

202,737

111,152

1,111,519

66,691

54.83%

107,451

1,074,509

64,471

53.00%

20

363,072

199,056

3,981,123

238,867

54.83%

192,428

3,848,563

230,914

53.00%

30

650,207

356,479

10,694,377

641,663

54.83%

344,609

10,338,284

620,297

53.00%

35

870,123

477,050

16,696,737

1,001,804

54.83%

461,165

16,140,782

968,447

53.00%

39

1,098,510

602,264

23,488,302

1,409,298

54.83%

582,210

22,706,207

1,362,372

53.00%

40

1,164,421

638,400

25,536,000

1,532,160

54.83%

617,143

24,685,723

1,481,143

53.00%

 

 

If I consistently saved 15% of my salary for 40 years, how much would I have?  R6 986 525. How much would that be today?  A whopping  R679 245 and it will give me the very grand income of R2830 per month.

 

Now back to the assumption:  Based on what we have seen above (that you have to save more than 50% of your gross income to be able to be retired for 20 years, do you think it is a valid assumption to say you can save enough to provide for retirement?

 

Hey, do you have children?  Do you have property?  In other words, are you a luckier retiree?